Nuclear localization signal-independent and importin/karyopherin-independent nuclear import of β-catenin

Nuclear localization signal-independent and importin/karyopherin-independent nuclear import of β-catenin

BACKGROUND Control of the nuclear localization of specific proteins is an important mechanism for regulating many signal transduction pathways. Upon activation of the Wnt signaling pathway, beta-catenin localizes into the nucleus and interacts with TCF/LEF-1 (T-cell factor/lymphocyte enhancer factor-1) transcription factors, triggering activation of downstream genes. The role of regulated nucle...

CRM1- and Ran-independent nuclear export of β-catenin

Background: Activation of the Wnt pathway induces -catenin to localize Address: Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Tübingen inside the nucleus, where it interacts with transcription factors such as D-72076, Germany. TCF/LEF-1. Regulation of the pathway occurs through a -catenin– degrading complex based on Axin and the tumor suppressor APC. We have Corres...

Rac1 augments Wnt signaling by stimulating β-catenin–lymphoid enhancer factor-1 complex assembly independent of β-catenin nuclear import

β-Catenin transduces the Wnt signaling pathway and its nuclear accumulation leads to gene transactivation and cancer. Rac1 GTPase is known to stimulate β-catenin-dependent transcription of Wnt target genes and we confirmed this activity. Here we tested the recent hypothesis that Rac1 augments Wnt signaling by enhancing β-catenin nuclear import; however, we found that silencing/inhibition or up-...

Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal Controls Nuclear Import and DNA-Binding Activity of IFN Regulatory Factor 3.

Accurate cellular localization plays a crucial role in the effective function of most signaling proteins, and nuclear trafficking is central to the function of transcription factors. IFN regulatory factor (IRF)3 is a master transcription factor responsible for the induction of type I IFN, which plays a crucial role in host antiviral innate immune responses. However, the mechanisms for control a...

Activity of IFN Regulatory Factor 3 Controls Nuclear Import and DNA - Binding Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal